کدام کشورها بیشترین هزینه را برای غذا انجام میدهند؟
سایت مجمع جهانی اقتصاد در دسامبر ۲۰۱۶ به قلم Alex Gray آورده است: آمریکاییها تنها ۶.۴ درصد از درآمد خانواده را به غذا اختصاص میدهند. این آمار را وزارت کشاورزی آمریکا (USDA) اعلام کرده است. به نظر میآید هر چه کشور توسعه یافته تر باشد سهم کوچکتری از درآمد خانوادهها در غذا و خوردنی هزینه میگردد. این موضوع در تصویر زیر نیز قابل مشاهده است.
۸ کشور در جهان، کمتر از ۱۰ درصد درآمد خانوادههایشان را به خوردن اختصاص میدهند که ۴ تای آنها در اروپا هستند؛ بریتانیا: با ۸.۲ درصد (رتبه سوم جهان)، و پس از آن سوئیس با ۸.۷ درصد، ایرلند ۹.۶ درصد و اتریش با ۹.۹ درصد.
۴ کشور دیگر در بقیۀ نقاط جهان پراکندهاند. ایالات متحده آمریکا با ۶.۴ درصد پایین ترین هزینه را در جهان به خود اختصاص داده است. سنگاپور با ۶.۷ درصد دوم است. کانادا با ۹.۱ درصد و استرالیا با ۹.۸ درصد.
کشورهایی که بیشترین هزینه را برای خوردن میدهند!
نیجریاییها بیش از نیمی از درآمد خود را صرف تغذیۀ خود میکنند. همچنین ۹ کشور دیگر هستند که بالای ۴۰ درصد درآمدشان را صرف غذا میکنند.
۴ کشور از این ۱۰ کشور در آفریقا قرار دارند: نیجریه ۵۶.۴ درصد، کنیا ۴۶.۷ درصد، کامرون ۴۵.۶ و الجزایر۴۲.۵ درصد. آسیا نیز ۳ سهم را به خود اختصاص داده: قزاقستان ۴۳ درصد، فیلیپین ۴۱.۹ درصد، پاکستان ۴۰.۹ درصد و آذربایجان بعنوان تنها کشور اروپایی ۴۰.۱ درصد را به تغذیه اختصاص میدهد. گواتمالا تنها کشور آمریکای جنوبی است که با ۴۰.۶ درصد در لیست ده کشور پرهزینه قرار دارد.
گرانی غذا قصه دیگری است
این اعداد و ارقام بیانگر این نیست که مواد غذایی در نیجریه نسبت به آمریکا گرانتر است. در واقع برعکس، آمریکاییها در سال حدود ۲.۳۹۲ دلار در سال را صرف مواد غذایی میکنند در حالی که این میزان هزینه متوسط سالانه برای مردم نیجریه ۱.۱۳۲ دلار است.
نکته جالب دیگر آنکه طی ۲۵ سال گذشته ۲۰ درصد قشر کمتر برخوردار آمریکا بین ۲۸.۸ تا ۴۲.۶ درصد از درآمد خود را صرف مواد غذایی میکنند و این آمار برای ۲۰ درصد ثروتمند این کشور، بین ۶.۵ تا ۹.۲ درصد در نوسان بوده است.
قابل تأمل خواهد بود اگر مروری بر وضعیت آموزش و پرورش کشورهای یاد شده و رتبه آنها در عرصۀ بین الملل داشته باشیم. بنابر آمار مؤسسۀ لگاتوم در سال ۲۰۱۶ رتبۀ آموزش کشورهایی که در این گزارش بخش بالایی از درآمد خود را به تغذیه اختصاص دادهاند بدین شرح است: نیجریه ۱۱۷، کنیا ۱۰۳، کامرون ۱۱۳، قزاقستان ۳۵، الجزایر ۹۰، فیلیپین ۶۸، پاکستان ۱۲۵، گواتمالا ۱۰۴، آذربایجان ۴۴.
بدین ترتیب رده بندی وضعیت آموزش و پرورش ده کشوری که نسبت هزینۀ غذایی پایینی دارند: آمریکا ۸، سنگاپور ۱۰، انگلیس ۶، سوئیس ۱، کانادا ۱۴، ایرلند ۷، استرالیا ۴، اتریش ۱۱.
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