سیاست غلط داخلی علت اصلی کمبود دارو
یک داروساز گفت: با شروع تحریمها که موثر در معیشت مردم و قیمت کالاها بود صنعت دارو و توزیع دارو را نیز تحت تاثیر خود قرار داد.
پس از اعلام رسمی خروج آمریکا از برجام، بعد از اقتصاد اولین اثرات منفی بر روی چرخهای دارو و درمان بود. اما این موضوع چیزی نبود که بتوان به آسانی از آن گذر کرد. در این بازه زمانی صحبتهای بسیاری در زمینه احتکار دارو، تحریم واردات داروهای خاص به ویژه داروهای مخصوص بیماران سرطانی شنیده میشد. عدهای معتقد بودند ساخت مشابه این داروها زمان زیادی نمیبرد و برخی این عمل را متناقض با حقوق بشر دانسته و واکنشهای شدیدی در این زمینه نشاندادند. عدهای هم در میان مردم را مقصر دانسته و معتقد بودند احتکار خانگی دارو علت اصلی نایاب شدن برخی از داروها است. اما در میان سراغ یکی از داروسازان فعال و باسابقه مشهد رفتیم تا دلایل تحریم دارو و وضعیت کنونی آن را جویا شویم. در ادامه این گفتوگو را میخوانید.
وحید کیانی فر در مصاحبه با خبرنگار روزنامه ” صبح امروز” در خصوص وضعیت داروها و وجود احتکار در این صنعت افزود: وجود تحریمها، کمبود در توزیع دارو به داروخانهها را به همراه داشت و متقابلا به دلیل این کاستی در توزیع دارو به بیماران نیز با مشکل مواجه شدیم که لازم به ذکر است امروز به نسبت گذشته از شرایط نسبی بهتری برخوردار هستیم.
وی تصریح کرد: اگر چه امروز توزیع دارو روال بهتری نسبت به ماههای اولی که تحریمها شروع شد؛ دارد اما همچنان در مبحث دارو با مشکلات عدیدهای روبرو هستیم و برای حل مشکلات در این حوزه که با جان و سلامت مردم سرکار دارد باید این مشکلات را ریشه یابی کرد.
تحریم تنها عامل کمبود دارو نیست
کیانیفر اظهار داشت: در زمینه کمبود دارو کارشناسیهای زیادی انجام گرفته و گمانه زنیهایی نیز صورت گرفته و نیز این تفکر در عامه مردم وجود دارد که احتکار دارو نیز سبب به وجودآمدن این مشکلات در توزیع دارو و کمبود دارو است اما من معتقدم که وجود مسائل دیگری نیز در این کمبود دخیل هستند. یکی از دلایل کمبود دارو وجود تحریمها بوده و علت دیگر وجود مشکلات بانکی در تبادل مالی برای خرید مواد اولیه که کشور ما با آن روبرو هستیم اما سیاستهای داخلی کشور در کمبود دارو نیز موثر است.
افزایش صادرات دارویی موثر یا بیاثر؟
کیانیفر عنوان کرد: بخشی از داروهایی که در کشور تولید شده به خارج از کشور صادر میشود و این صادرات که ارز آور است برای کشور مفید بوده اما اگر از منظری دیگر به این صادرات نگاه کنیم متوجه میشویم که میزان صادرات در سال جاری مقداری افزایش یافت و این امر میتواند در بحث کمبود دارو دخیل باشد.
وی ادامه داد: با خروج آمریکا از برجام و شروع تحریمها قیمتها در صنعت دارو بین 10 الی 15 درصد افزایش پیدا کرده و باتوجه به این موضوع که برای وارد کردن مواد اولیه ارز چهار هزار و 200 تومانی به آن اختصاص داده میشود و با صادرات این دارو به خارج از کشور میتوان سود ارزی داشت که به نظر میرسد این موضوع افزایش صادرات در سال جاری را به دنبال داشته است.
اقدام داروسازان خراسانی
کیانیفر در خصوص چند تن از داروسازان خراسانی که اقدام به ساخت چند قلم داروی تحریم شده کردهاند؛ این چنین توضیح داد: تولید دارو در همه جای دنیا پروسهای زمانبر داشته که تحت شرایط خاص است و این امری بسیار بدیهی و طبیعی است که یک دارو را نمیتوان در عرض چندماه تولید و به تایید رساند.
وی ادامه داد: در خصوص داروهای بیماران خاص حتما باید ارز مناسب برای داروهای بیماریهای خاص تامین شود و دارو به دست این بیماران که زندگی آنها بسته به این داروها است برسانیم و در اینجا نیاز به سیاستهای درست وزارت بهداشت نیاز است.
این دارو ساز که تحصیلات تکمیلی دارو ازی را در خارج از کشور گذرانده و موفق به کسی مدارک مربوطه شده با اشاره به کمبود دارو گفت: در خصوص کمبود دارو هم تامین و تولید کافی مد نظر بوده و نیز همچنین توزیع مناسب دارو در زمینه کمبود دارو موثر است و امروزه ما در توزیع مناسب دارو به داروخانهها با مشکل مواجه هستیم.
وی بیان کرد: در چند ماه اخیر خبرهایی مبنی بر وجود مشکلاتی که داروسازان و داروخانهها با ان مواجه بوده شنیده که عمده این مشکلات از طریق شرکتهای توزیع کننده به صنعت دارو و داروخانهها تحمیل میشود که با درخواست چکهای کوتاه مدت و درخواست وجه نقد برای داروها فشار مضاعفی را به داروخانهها وارد میکند.
چالش در توزیع دارو
کیانیفر افرود: علیرغم وعده و وعیدهایی که بیمهها برای بازپرداخت خود به داروخانهها دادهاند همچنان این باز پرداخت زمان زیادی دارد و با توجه به وعدههای مکرر هنوز این باز پرداخت زمان بسیار طولانی را باید سپری کند و این سبب کمبود نقدینگی در داروخانهها و نیز موجب کمبود دارو میشود.
وی تشریح کرد: متاسفانه علی رغمی که بعضی از این شرکتهای بیمهگر که از سهامدارن عمده شرکتهای دارویی هستند اما توزیع دارو توسط این شرکتها کوتاه مدت و بازده پرداختی آنها به دارخانهها توسط شرکتهای بیمه کننده طولانی مدت است که چالش عظیمی را در توزیع دارو برای داروخانهها ایجاد کرده است.
کیانیفر مطرح کرد: توزیع دارو به داروخانهها توسط شرکتهای دارویی وضعیت بسیار نا به هنجاری در کشور پیدا کرده که با توجه به اعتراضات مکرری که داروسازان به این وضعیت نابسامان داشتهاند اما همچنان شرکتهای دارویی مقاومت کرده و در توزیع دارو به داروخانهها اختلالاتی را ایجاد میکنند.
سبد فروشی دارو
وی سبد فروشی دارو را یکی دیگر از معضلات و چالشها در عرصه این صنعت دانست و گفت: امروزه داروخانهها برای تامین یک داروی مورد نیاز مجبور به خرید داروهایی هستند که مورد نیاز انها نبوده اما شرکتهای توزیع کننده تنها در صورتی داروهای مورد نیاز داروخانه را در اختیار او قرار میدهند که داروهای مورد نظر شر کت نیز توسط دارو خانهها خریداری شود وگرنه از فروش به این داروخانه امتناع میورزند.
نظارت مطلوب نیست
کیانی ادامه داد: با توجه به مخالفتهای وزارت بهداشت به این موضوع سبد فروشی داشته اما همچنان شاهد این وضعیت در شرکتهای توزیع کننده هستیم که حل این موضوع نیازمند نظارت بیشتر و بهتر ارگانهای نظارتی وزارت بهداشت بر نحوه عملکرد شرکتهای توزیع کننده است.
وی در آخر از مردم درخواست کرد: در شرایط کنونی کشور ما نیازمند کمک و همراهی مردم با خود بوده تا بتوانیم در جهت رفع این معضلات و چالشها اقدام کرده و نیز به دارو سازی که در داروخانه حضور دارد اعتماد کنند چرا که او راهنمای بیمار در امر مصرف صحیح دارو بوده و میتوانید هرگونه سوال و ابهام دارویی را با او در میان بگذارید و از او کمک بگیرید.





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