اولویت با تعیین تکلیف کودکان بی‌شناسنامه است

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عضو کمیسیون اجتماعی مجلس شورای اسلامی گفت: اولویت مجلس و دولت باید تعیین تکلیف وضعیت کودکان بی‌شناسنامه باشد.

معاونت رفاه وزارت کار، تعاون و رفاه اجتماعی به تازگی از ارائه لایحه‌ای برای صدور کارت هویت برای کودکان حاصل از ازدواج زنان ایرانی و مردان خارجی خبر داد. این در حالی است که سخنگوی سازمان ثبت‌احوال عنوان کرده که وزارت رفاه به لحاظ قانونی نمی‌تواند به این موضوع ورود کند و وزارت کشور در این زمینه مسئول است و صدور شناسنامه برای افراد بی‌هویت باید از مسیر قانونی و از طریق وزارت کشور طی شود.

رضا شیران، نماینده مردم مشهد و کلات و از جمله نمایندگانی که مدت‌ها است مسئله کودکان بی‌شناسنامه را پیگیری می‌کند، درباره وظیفه مسئولان در ارتباط با این کودکان می‌گوید: «ما اگر تنها به دنبال مسکن‌ها باشیم هر دستگاهی خود را متولی می‌داند و مسئولیت‌پذیری هم ندارند، اما اگر قانون تصویب شود برای همه دستگاه‌ها الزام‌آور است. با توجه به شرایط و قوانین حال حاضر اگر قانون اعطای تابعیت به فرزندان حاصل از ازدواج زنان ایرانی و مردان خارجی به تصویب برسد، سازمان ثبت‌احوال می‌تواند برای این افراد شناسنامه صادر کند.»

 

سازمان ثبت‌احوال تنها مجری قوانین است

این عضو کمیسیون اجتماعی سازمان ثبت‌احوال را مجری قانون دانست و گفت: «در حوزه اجرا، نهاد و دستگاهی که باید سند هویتی صادر کند، سازمان ثبت‌احوال بوده، اما قطعاً قانون‌گذاری در این زمینه به عهده سازمان ثبت‌احوال نیست. قانون‌گذاری در مجلس و آیین‌نامه‌ها به عهده هیئت‌وزیران است. البته این درست است که سازمان ثبت‌احوال باید بر اساس قوانین موجود شناسنامه صادر کند ، اما در حال حاضر سازمان ثبت‌احوال نمی‌تواند، برای افرادی که به لحاظ هویتی نامعلوم هستند، کاری انجام دهد.»

شیران با تاکید بر اینکه باید همگی تلاش کنیم تا قوانین لازم در این زمینه به تصویب برسد، گفت: «مجلس، دولت و قوه قضاییه باید برای حل‌وفصل این موضوع با یکدیگر همراهی کنند.»

شیران مسئله کودکان بی‌شناسنامه را خاص کودکان حاصل از ازدواج زنان ایرانی و مردان افغان ندانست و گفت: «من با یکی از ایرانیانی که در کانادا زندگی می‌کرد گفت‌وگو می‌کردم و او می‌گفت ما و بسیاری از ایرانی‌های مقیم کانادا نیز با این مشکل روبه‌رو هستیم. زنان ایرانی در کانادا با مردان غیرایرانی ازدواج‌ کرده‌اند و دارای فرزند هستند و علاقه دارند رابطه فرزندشان با سرزمین مادری‌اش برقرار باشد، اما با توجه به قوانین موجود این مسئله امکان‌پذیر نیست.»

وی ادامه داد: «وزارت کشور و سازمان ثبت‌احوال هم باید تابع قانون باشند. مجلس به این آمادگی رسیده که این قانون را تصویب کند و ضرورت حل مسئله کودکان بی شناسنامه را درک کرده است. البته برخی دیدگاه‌های بازتر و برخی دیدگاه‌های بسته‌تری به این موضوع دارند، اما درباره اینکه این کودکان باید تعیین تکلیف شوند، همه به قطعیت رسیده‌اند.»

 

وی ادامه داد: «من با ارائه شناسنامه و تابعیت به این کودکان موافق هستم، هر چند اگر به این کودکان سند هویتی هم داده شود، نمی‌توانند مسئولیت دولتی داشته باشند و به عنوان مثال وزیر شوند؛ اما باز هم قابل‌مقایسه با وضعیت فعلی نیست.»

تشکل‌ها هم می‌توانند راهکاری ارائه کنند

نماینده مردم مشهد و کلات با بیان اینکه وزارت کار، تعاون و رفاه اجتماعی در این زمینه می‌تواند آمار را جمع‌آوری کند، گفت: «سازمان ثبت‌احوال نمی‌تواند بگوید که وزارت رفاه می‌تواند به این موضوع ورود کند یا خیر.  به‌طور کلی هر یک از دستگاه‌های اجرایی می‌توانند مسائل را بررسی کنند و به ارائه آمار و راه‌حل بپردازند. حتی NGOها هم می‌توانند راهکار ارائه کرده و نظرات خود را بیان کنند. ما باید مسئله اصلی را که تصویب قانون برای کودکان بی‌شناسنامه است، پیگیری کنیم و مسئولان باید در این زمینه با یکدیگر همکاری کنند.»

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