بررسی فیلم‌های بین‌المللی که احتمالا به اسکار راه پیدا خواهند کرد؛

رقبای سرسخت ایران در اسکار

چیزی در حدود یک ماه تا مراسم اعطای اسکار بین‌المللی که توسط آکادمی علوم و هنرهای تصاویر متحرک به بهترین آثار صنعت سینما جهان اهدا می‌شود، مانده است. این مراسم یکی از شاخص‌ترین مراسم‌های اهدای جوایز در جهان است و بزرگترین جایزه در زمینه سینما می‌باشد که هر ساله در بیش از ۱۰۰ کشور جهان به‌صورت زنده پخش می‌شود.

به گزارش روزنامه «صبح امروز» و به نقل از خبرآنلاین، اسکار بین‌المللی که تا همین پارسال اسکار بهترین فیلم غیر انگلیسی‌زبان بود، همانطور که از نامش پیداست میدان رقابت سینماگران از سراسر جهان برای رسیدن به معتبرترین جایزه سینمایی جهان است.

همه دوست دارند در این کارزار شانس خود را امتحان کنند

روز گذشته ۱۱ آبان (یک نوامبر) بود و دقیقا یک ماه دیگر (تا ابتدای دسامبر) فرصت باقی مانده است تا ایران نیز به این رقابت وارد شود. هنوز کمیته انتخاب، نماینده ایران را به آکادمی علوم و هنرهای سینمایی معرفی نکرده است. «خورشید»، «درخت گردو» یا «شنای پروانه»؛ همه دوست دارند در این کارزار شانس خود را امتحان کنند.

در دوره قبل ۹۱ کشور برای این بخش اسکار فیلم فرستادند که امسال با توجه به شیوع کرونا احتمال رسیدن به رکورد پارسال تا حدودی غیرممکن می‌نماید. به هر حال کرونا صنعت تولید و اکران سینما را به دردسر انداخته و شاید برای برخی کشورها امکان معرفی فیلمی واجد شرایط فراهم نشده باشد.

تا اینجای کار برخی کشورهایی مدعی و صاحب سبک در سینما چون ژاپن، کره‌جنوبی و آلمان نماینده‌هایشان را معرفی کرده‌اند. سال گذشته فیلم «انگل» از سینمای کره‌جنوبی جایزه بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی (غیرانگلیسی‌زبان) را دریافت کرد و علاوه بر آن جایزه اصلی مراسم (بهترین فیلم اسکار) را نیز به خانه برد.

«انگل» نخست در جشنواره کن به نمایش درآمد و همان‌جا با بردن نخل طلایی نشان داد که از شانس‌های اصلی دریافت اسکار است. هر سال به همین روال با پی‌گرفتن اخبار جشنواره‌های سینمایی می‌شد تا حدودی درباره مدعیان جوایز اسکار پیش‌بینی کرد. امسال گرچه به لطف کرونا جشنواره کن و بسیاری دیگر از جشنواره‌های مهم سینمایی کره‌کره را پایین کشیدند اما هنوز معیار مهمی برای پیش‌بینی‌های این چنین هستند.

امسال حدود ۹ هزار عضو آکادمی علوم و هنرهای سینمایی می‌توانند در خانه‌هایشان به تماشای فیلم‌های ثبت‌شده بشینند و خبری از مهمانی‌های پرزرق و برق هم نخواهد بود. کرونا این بخش از زندگی را هم تغییر داده است. کمپین‌های تبلیغاتی هم شکل متفاوتی خواهند داشت و بعید نیست برایند آرای اعضای آکادمی متفاوت از سال‌های پیش باشد.

مدعیان را می‌شناسیم؟

اکثر مدعیان اسکار در سال‌های گذشته از جشنواره‌های مهمی چون کن، برلین یا ونیز بیرون آمده‌اند. در این میان نقش جشنواره فیلم کن بسیار پررنگ است و از میان پنج برنده پیشین جایزه اسکار بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی سه فیلم «پسر شائول»، «فروشنده» و «انگل» سهم این جشنواره بوده است.

بنابراین در حالی که جشنواره کن برگزار نشد، باید نگاهی دقیق به فهرست فیلم‌های پذیرفته شده در آن داشت. ممکن است برنده امسال یکی از همین فیلم‌ها باشد که شانس روی پرده رفتن در جشنواره را پیدا نکرد.

یکی از این فیلم‌ها «یک دور دیگر» (Another Round) به کارگردانی توماس وینتربرگ از کشور دانمارک است. البته دانمارک هنوز فیلمش را برای اسکار انتخاب نکرده است اما بعید است که جز این فیلم انتخاب دیگری داشته باشد.

«یک دور دیگر» با بازی مدس میکلسن پس از لغو جشنواره کن، تورنتو را به عنوان مقصد برگزید و در این جشنواره روی پرده رفت. در نظر منتقدان «یک دور دیگر» از فیلم‌های خوب سال است و از مدعیان فصل جوایز سینمایی است.

ایتالیا هم هنوز فیلمش را برای اسکار انتخاب نکرده است. آن‌ها بر خلاف دانمارک کار سختی پیش رو دارند و باید از میان فیلم‌هایی چون «پینوکیو» ساخته متیو گارونه، «شب» اثر جانفراکو رزی، «پدر ما» از کلودیو نوچه یا فیلم جدید سوفیا لورن با عنوان «زندگی در پیش رو» دست به انتخاب بزنند. انتخاب هر چه باشد نماینده ایتالیا از مدعیان همیشگی اسکار بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی است.

فرانسه هم مثل ایتالیا از مدعیان همیشگی اسکار است و هنوز نماینده‌ای برای اسکار نودوسوم پیدا نکرده است. یکی از فیلم‌هایی که ممکن است نماینده این کشور شود، درام «دی‌ان‌ای» به کارگردانی مایوین است. این فیلم از برگزیدگان جشنواره کن بود که با لغو جشنواره امکان روی پرده رفتن پیدا نکرد.

نمی‌توان با قطعیت درباره انتخاب‌ کشورها اظهارنظر کرد

البته که نمی‌توان با قطعیت درباره انتخاب‌ کشورها اظهارنظر کرد. چنانچه امسال آلمان فیلم «و فردا همه دنیا» را به اسکار فرستاد در حالی که پیش‌بینی‌ها برای فیلم‌های «آندین» به کارگردانی کریستین پتزولد و «وقتی هیتلر خرگوش صورتی را دزدید» به کارگردانی کارولین لینک شانس بیشتری در نظر می‌گرفتند.

در سال شیوع کرونا جای جشنواره کن خالی بود اما برلین و ونیز برگزار شدند که هر کدام از میان پنج برنده پیشین اسکار بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی یک سهم دارند. «رُما» از جشنواره ونیز آمد و «زنی شگفت‌انگیز» در جشنواره برلین روی پرده رفت.

«خواهر کوچک من‌» که نماینده سوییس در اسکار ۲۰۲۱ است، در جشنواره فیلم برلین روی پرده رفت. این فیلم با بازی نینا هاس را می‌توان در رده مدعیان راه‌یابی به فهرست کوتاه برگزیدگان اسکار بین‌المللی قرار داد.

نماینده جمهوری چک هم از جشنواره برلین می‌آید. «شارلاتان» به کارگردانی آگنیشکا هولاند از مدعیان مهم اسکار ۲۰۲۱ در بخش بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی است و شانس خوبی دارد.

ژاپن برای رقابت اسکار فیلم «مادران حقیقی» به کارگردانی نایومی کاواسه را انتخاب کرد. این فیلم قرار بود در جشنواره کن روی پرده برود. به این ترتیب فیلم «همسر جاسوس» ساخته کیوشی کوروساوا که خرس نقره‌ای بهترین کارگردانی جشنواره ونیز را گرفته بود، از رقابت اسکار بیرون ماند.

راه دشوار پیش رو

همانطور که مشخص است، علیرغم همه‌گیری و قرنطینه‌های اجباری مسیر پیش‌روی فیلم‌ها برای رسیدن به اسکار بهترین فیلم بین‌المللی پرپیچ و خم است.

هر فیلمی که از سینمای ایران برای اسکار انتخاب شود باید آثار برجسته‌ای از کشورهای مدعی رقابت کند و گرچه مثل دوره قبل فیلمی مثل «انگل» وجود ندارد که از پیش برنده بودنش قابل پیش‌بینی باشد اما فیلم‌های خوب آن‌قدر هستند که رسیدن به فینال (پنج اثر نهایی) را بسیار دشوار کنند.

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    A MOUNTAIN OF ENTERTAINMENT. Watch the best plays by the Kansas City Chiefs against the Jacksonville Jaguars in Preseason Week 1 of the 2024 NFL season. Now, to what might be the most talked-about player after Sunday night’s dominant win. Brandon Aubrey set an astonishing record during the game, all while extending another record for consecutive field goals to start a career. As NBC 5’s Meredith Yeomans found out, Aubrey is from right here in Plano. What’s working against Billy-Johnson could be his age and lack of consistency. Billy-Johnson is 28, much older than the rest of the wide receiver room. He also played for three other NFL teams so far. Depending on what Billy-Johnson will do during the preseason against the Los Angeles Rams on August 11 could determine whether he gets a treasured contract or not.

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