خطبه عقد آریایی؛
شعری از فریدون مشیری که هیچ ربطی به ایران باستان ندارد
پیمان زندگی
مرد: به نام نامی یزدان
تو را من برگزیدم از میان این همه خوبان
میان این گواهان بر لب آرم این سخن با تو
برای زیستن با تو
وفادار تو خواهم بود در هر لحظه در هر جا
پذیرا می شوی آیا؟
تو با من این چنین هستی که من با تو؟
زن: به نام نامی یزدان
پذیرا می شوم تو را از جان
هم اکنون باز می گویم میان انجمن با تو
وفادار تو خواهم بود، در هر لحظه، در هر جا، برای زیستن با تو
تو هم با من چنان با مهر پیمان کن که من با تو!
مرد و زن با هم: تو چون هم آشیان خواهی شدن با من
تمام عمر خواهم بود یک جان در دو بدن با تو
بهشت عشق سازم خانه را
سرشار از لبخند و مهر و نور و عطر و یاسمن با تو
گواهان همه با هم: همایون باد این پیمان
همایون باد این پیوند
همایون باد این پیوند ورجاوند
گرامی باد این سوگند
شکوفا باد بر لب های تان همواره این لبخند
همایون باد!
حتما طی ماههای اخیر این جملات در فیلمهای کوتاه چند دقیقهای در فضاهای مجازی به تکرار دیدید.
عروس و داماد در یک فضای نسبتا آرام در حضور همراهان این کلمات را تکرار کرده و با هم پیوند زناشویی میبندند و این خطبه با عنوان عقد آریایی مشهور شده است.
دین ایرانیان قبل از اسلام زرتشتی بوده اما در کتاب این دین نیز خطبه عقد کاملا متفاوت با عقد اریایی که جدیدا رواج یافته است.
عقد آریایی پدیدهای نو ظهور که طی چند سال اخیر در میان برخی از ایرانیان رواج پیدا کرده است، به نوعی که برای برخی از عروس و دامادها برگزاری این مراسم یک مسئله حیاتی محسوب میشود.
عروس و دامادها میدانند که عقد آریایی در هیچ کاغذ و ورقی ثبت نمیشود، بنابراین در ابتدا باید برای ثبت شدن ازدواجشان همان عقد قدیمی را بخوانند و بعد بار دیگر در حضور مهمانان جملات عقد آریایی را گاهی با هزینههای سنگین تر تکرار کنند.
اینکه امروزه چرا برخی از جوانان طرفدار این سبک و سیاق از ازدواج هستند، سوالی بود که پاسخ آن را از برخی از زوجینی که عقد آریایی را برای ازدواج و آغاز زندگی مشترک خود انتخاب کرده بودند، جویا شدم.
محمد و سارا زوجی بودند که در اینستاگرام فیلم مراسم اریایی خودرا به اشتراک گذاشته بودند وقتی از سارا علت را جویا شدم گفت بهخاطر حس خوبی که خواندن این عقد در دهن تداعی میکند این کار را انجام دادم.
مهناز و فریدون زوج دیگری بودند که علت خواندن خطبه را چشم و همچشمی دانستند.
عقد آریایی که با عنوان عقد ایران باستان معروف شده، با عقد ایران باستان متفاوت است،چراکه به عقیده زرتشتیان ماهیت این دو عقد از یکدیگر به طور کامل متفاوت است.
ماهیت متفاوت خطبه آریایی با زرتشت
در تماس با انجمن زرتشتیان تهران مشخص شد که عقد آریایی در آداب و رسوم زرتشتیان نیز جایی ندارد. یکی از اعضای این انجمن در پاسخ به سوالی مبنی بر اینکه آیا عقد آریایی همان عقد باستانی است؟ گفت: عقد زرتشتیان یا همان عقد ایرانیان باستان با عقد آریایی که امروزه در میان برخی از زوجین مرسوم شده، متفاوت است.
او با اشاره به اینکه متن عقدنامه زرتشتیان (مراسم گواه گیری) در کتابی به اسم یادگار دیرین وجود دارد، بیان کرد: حتی متن این دو خطبه نیز با یکدیگر فرق دارد.
در مراسم گواه گیری (عقد) زرتشتی، ابتدا جمعی از گواه گیران در کنار عروس و داماد قرار میگیرند و با خواندن بخشی از کتاب اوستا جملات را به فارسی میگویند. بخشی از جملاتی که در مراسم عقد زرتشتیان مطرح میشوند، عبارتند از:
به شادی فروهر اشو زرتشت اسپنتمان.
به گواهی نیکان باشنده در این جشن و در ادامه این سخن داماد، از عروس میپرسد: من که موبد… هستم از شما (نام عروس) دخت (نام مادر و پدر عروس) میپرسم که (نام داماد) پور (نام مادر و پدر داماد) را به داد و آیین دین وه مزدیسنی، به هم تنی و هم روانی و همسری خود میپذیرید؟»
در سومین مرتبه طرح این پرسش، عروس بله میگوید و شرکت کنندگان هم آوا و شادمانه «هابیرو شاباش» میگویند و کف میزنند. پس از آن نوبت پرسش موبد از داماد فرا میرسد.
از شما (نام داماد) پور (نام مادر و پدر داماد) میپرسم که بهدین (نام عروس) دخت (نام پدر و مادر عروس) را به داد و آیین دین وه مزدیسنی به هم تنی و همروانی و به همسری خود میپذیری؟ داماد نیز در پاسخ موبد، بله میگوید و باز هم شرکت کنندگان هابیرو شاباش میگویند.
موبد ادامه میدهد: به خجستگی و فرخندگی، من و همه ی وهان این انجمن، از اورمزد دانا و توانا آرزومندیم که به این پیوند ناشویی، پایندگی، پویندگی، پویایی، مهر و شادمانی همراه با افزونی فرزندان نیک و خواسته ی فرارون (حلال) شادی آور، دیر زیوشنی و سرانجام نیک ارزانی بدارد.
به دنبال این موضوع با روابط عمومی ثبت اسناد استان هراسان تماس گرفته و از او در این خصوص سوال کردیم.
ممنوعیت خطبه آریایی در محضرها
مرادی مدیر روابط عمومی ثبت اسناد استان خراسان رضوی گفت: افراد برای ثبت ازدواج خود حتما خطبه عربی را بخوانند و خواندن خطبه آریایی در محضرهای سطح استان غیر مجاز بوده و ثبت نمیشود.
وی افزود : عقدی که در دفاتر ازدواج غیرمجاز انجام میشود، در هیچ جا ثبت نمیشود و در آینده نیز برای زوجین مشکلاتی را ایجاد میکند.
در ادامه با دکتر بهناز شیبانی نوقابی، کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی بالینی به گفتوگو نشسته تا از علت شیوع این پدیده باخبرشویم.
یک کارشناس ارشد بالینی گفت: پدیده جدیدی که به عنوان یه بخشی از مراسم ازدواج در جامعه رواج پیدا کرده و امروزه فیلم های زیادی با عنوان ازدواج یا عقد آریایی در شبکه های مجازی دیده میشود و بیان متنی که به نام عقد آریایی بر سر زبانها افتاده و در واقع یکی از اشعار زندهیاد «فریدون مشیری» است.
به گزارش صبح امروز بهناز شیبانی نوقابی افزود: این شعر نیمایی که با مضمون لطیف پیوند زناشویی، همدلی، وفاداری و صداقت سروده شده و زبانی امروزی و جدید دارد؛ به نام عقد آریایی و به عنوان یک سنت کهن در میان مردم شایع شده است و نمونهای از بیخبری فرهنگی و ادبی افراد است.
اصل امانتداری
وی تصریح کرد: آنچه توجه جمعی را میطلبد رعایت اصل امانتداری در متون ادبی و مقابلهی جدی با جهل و جعل فرهنگی است.
شیبانی نوقابی اظهار کرد: به لحاظ روانشناختی در جامعه ای که تحت شرایط و سیاستهای موجود که همراه با سرکوبی در بعضی حوزه های فرهنگی و هویتی ایرانی است اضطراب ناشی از کمرنگ شدن جشن ها و مراسم آیینی آریایی و پارس زبانان هست.
وی ادامه داد: افراد برای جبران این کمبودها و به ارامش رسیدن از مکانیسم دفاعی برگشت استفاده میکنند و هرچه که به ماهیت و هویت ملی ایران آریایی برمیگردد را برای کاهش اضطرابهای فردی و اجتماعی و فرهنگی با نوعی مدرنیته در جریان زندگی شخصی و اجتماعی خود بروز میدهند و ابراز میکنند.
شیبانی نوقابی تبیین کرد: افراد در برخورد با استرسها و برای انطباق با کشمکشها و محرومیتها از این مکانیسمهای دفاعی استفاده میکنند.
سرکوب اجتماعی علت پدیدههای نوظهور
وی تاکید کرد: مسلما با سیاستهای موجود و سرکوبیهای افراطی میزان استرس و اضطراب اجتماعی به گونهای فراگیرمیشود که ما باید شاهد پدیدههای متفاوت و نوظهوری باشیم که همگی ناشی از مکانیسمهای دفاعی سرکوبی و برگشت می باشد.
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