معبری برای ایران و چین و فرصتهای جدید
معاون سرکنسولگری و پژوهشگر سابق مرکز مطالعات استراتژیک وزارت خارجه افغانستان گفت: پیشنهاد ما برای جمهوری اسلامی این است که اگر افغانستان بتواند معبری برای راهی بین ایران و چین باشد، می تواند فرصت های جدیدی را برای این کشور ایجاد کند.
حسین رحیمی در نشست بررسی ابعاد و پیامدهای ملی و منطقه ای خط لوله تاپی در موسسه مطالعات آسیای مرکزی و افغانستان(ایراس) افزود: پروژه تاپی فراتر از یک پروژه اقتصادی است و ناشی از یک هماهنگی منطقه ای است. این در حالی است که کشورهای دخیل در این پروژه موارد پراختلافی با یکدیگر دارند. این پروژه 1814 کیلومتر طول داشته که 816 کیلومتر آن از افغانستان می گذرد و قرار است سالانه 33 میلیارد متر مکعب گاز از ترکمنستان به افغانستان، پاکستان و هند برساند. این پروژه چند پروژه دیگر شامل خط آهن، ایجاد فیبر نوری و… را نیز به همراه خود خواهد آورد و حجم کلی آن 22 میلیارد دلار است.
توجه ویژه به اولویتهای اقتصادی محض
وی ادامه داد: بعد از تشکیل حکومت وحدت ملی در افغانستان زیربناهای سیاسی دولت چند رویکرد و چند شاخص داشت. یکی از این موارد توجه ویژه به اولویت های اقتصادی محض بود. هدف از این سیاست خوداتکایی اقتصادی بوده است. همچنین تلاش بر این بود الگوهای معیشتی مردم افغانستان تغییر کند و بسترهای اجتماعی مد نظر قرار گیرد. افغانستان برای این امر پروژه بزرگی برای ایجاد شاه راه های مواصلاتی بین تمام ولایت های خود را در نظر دارد تا بتواند خطوط ترانزیتی را بین کشورها احیا کند.
در حوزه امنیت ملی اقداماتی داریم
رحیمی با اشاره به اینکه 75 درصد معیشت مردم افغانستان به زراعت تکیه دارد، گفت: سیاست ایجاد بندها و سدها یکی دیگر از سیاست های این کشور بوده است. تغییر قوانین تجاری نیز یکی دیگر از این سیاست ها بوده است. اینکه آیا طالبان عامل و یا مانعی برای اجرای این پروژه است، دولت افغانستان تمهیدی را برای این مساله و ایجاد صلح دارد.
معاون سرکنسولگری و پژوهشگر سابق مرکز مطالعات استراتژیک وزارت خارجه افغانستان با بیان اینکه صلح یک راهکار منطقه ای و بین المللی ولی با مدیریت افغانی است، خاطرنشان کرد: مساله دیگر این است که ما در حوزه امنیتی به صورت عملی هم کار می کنیم که یکی حضور مستشاران خارجی و دیگری تقویت قوای هوایی افغانستان است. حدود 26 تا 30 هزار نیروی محلی که تاکنون به صورت محلی عمل می کردند نیز قرار است با قوای ملی تلفیق شوند تا در مناطق مختلف بکار گرفته شوند.
بخش هایی از طالبان پروژه تاپی را یک پروژه ملی می داند
وی اضافه کرد: همچنین اختصاص قوای امنیتی ویژه یکی دیگر از طرح هایی است که افغانستان دنبال می کند که رسالت این ها حمایت و حراست از طرح هایی مانند تاپی است. حتی طالبان پروژه تاپی را یک پروژه ملی می داند. افغانستان با هیچ دولتی مشکل و دشمنی ندارد و هیچ کشوری برای ما دشمن تعریف شده نیست. در پروژه های منطقه ای نیز ما یک توافق نامه سه جانبه با هند و ایران داریم.
رحیمی عنوان کرد: افغانستان همسایه های خود را در دایره اول سیاست خارجی خود قرار داده و این امر در دولت وحدت ملی بیشتر دیده می شود.
معاون سرکنسولگری و پژوهشگر سابق مرکز مطالعات استراتژیک وزارت خارجه افغانستان با اشاره به تاثیرات ملی این پروژه تصریح کرد: ایجاد 10 هزار شغل مستقیم برای متخصصان، ایجاد اشتغال برای 10 تا 15 هزار نفر برای تامین امنیت این خط، تامین انرژی 300 کارخانه در حوزه های مختلف در مسیر خط لوله در افغانستان، 400 میلیون دلار عایدات ملی برای دولت و جذب سرمایه گذاری های دیگر از عمده ترین تاثیرات اجرای این طرح است.
وی افزود: در حال حاضر حاشیه امنی برای گروه های تروریستی و تجار مواد مخدر وجود داشته که این پروژه موجب افزایش امنیت بیشتر در این کشور و مرزهای آن با همسایگانش خواهد شد. علاوه بر این با اجرای این طرح افغانستان به آن جایگاه اصلی و تاریخی خود که همان شاه راه مواصلاتی شرق با غرب آسیاست، باز می گردد.
رحیمی یادآور شد: ترکمنستان یکی از کشورهای ذی نفع در این پروژه است و رتبه چهارم را در داشتن ذخایر نفت و گاز دارد. ترکمنستان یکی از کشورهای ذی نفع در این موضوع است و در منطقه بعد از روسیه، در حوزه ذخایر گازی در جایگاه دوم قرار دارد. قرار است این کشور تا سال 2030، 230 میلیارد متر مکعب گاز صادر کند. در این پروژه برای نخستین مرتبه ترکمنستان به کشوری مصرف کننده مانند هند متصل شده است. افغانستان، پاکستان و هند یک بازار بکر برای این کشور است.
معاون سرکنسولگری و پژوهشگر سابق مرکز مطالعات استراتژیک وزارت خارجه افغانستان با بیان اینکه بخش دوم این طرح شامل پاکستان است، اظهار کرد: روزانه بخش های زیادی از این کشور دچار قطع برق می شود. این طرح می تواند تا 14 میلیارد دلار در طی 30 سال عواید اقتصادی زیادی برای پاکستان داشته باشد. این پروژه می تواند برای این کشور یک مزیت ژئوپلیتیکی را برای پاکستان نسبت به هند ایجاد کند.
وی ادامه داد: هند پنجمین مصرف کننده گاز در دنیاست و این منبعی ارزان برای این کشور است. هند با توجه به افزایش ناامنی در خاورمیانه به دنبال بازارهای جدید برای تامین نیازهای خود است.
رحیمی تاکید کرد: پیشنهاد ما برای جمهوری اسلامی این است که اگر افغانستان بتواند معبری برای راهی بین ایران و چین باشد، می تواند فرصت های جدیدی را برای این کشور ایجاد کند.
منبع: ایسنا
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